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1.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 78(6): 549-556, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34934221

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Service Quality in Hospital (SERVQHOS) assesses quality and satisfaction with hospital care received. This study aimed to determine the quality and satisfaction of parents in a tertiary-level pediatric public facility in Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 425 anonymous surveys were distributed during the discharge of children. The questionnaire evaluates the individual (subjective) and organizational (objective) quality of service: reliability, tangibles, assurance, responsiveness, and empathy, as well as satisfaction on a 5-point scale from 1 (much worse) to 5 (much better). RESULTS: A total of 401 questionnaires were returned (94%). The mean quality score was 3.6 ± 0.7. The best-rated aspects were the medical equipment technology (3.6 + 0.8), the confidence that the staff transmits to patients (3.6 ± 0.8), and the friendliness of the staff when attending patients (3.6 ± 0.8). The worst-rated aspects were the condition of the rooms (3.4 ± 0.8), the waiting time to be attended by a physician (3.3 ± 0.8), and the timeliness of internal consultations (3.3 ± 0.8). The overall population rated as satisfied in 97% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: A high rate of satisfaction was observed concerning both objective and subjective factors. However, the negative aspects of objective quality, such as reliability, should be addressed organizationally without implying economic investment in their resolution.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La prueba de Calidad en el Servicio de Hospital (SERVQHOS) evalúa la calidad y la satisfacción con la atención hospitalaria recibida. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la calidad y la satisfacción de los padres de familia en un hospital público pediátrico de tercer nivel en México. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se distribuyeron 425 encuestas anónimas durante el alta de los pacientes. El cuestionario evalúa la calidad individual (subjetiva) y de la organización (objetiva) del servicio: fiabilidad, tangibles, garantía, capacidad de respuesta y empatía, y satisfacción en una escala tipo Likert de 5 puntos, de 1 (mucho peor) a 5 (mucho mejor). RESULTADOS: Se recibieron 401 encuestas respondidas (tasa de respuesta del 94%). El 97% de los padres calificaron la satisfacción global como satisfechos o muy satisfechos. Los aspectos mejor calificados fueron la tecnología de los equipos médicos (3.6 ± 0.8), la confianza que el personal transmite al paciente (3.6 ± 0.8) y la amabilidad del personal en su trato al paciente (3.6 ± 0.8). Los aspectos peor valorados fueron el estado de las habitaciones (3.4 ± 0.8), el tiempo de espera para ser atendido por un médico (3.3 ± 0.8) y la puntualidad de las interconsultas (3.3 ± 0.8). CONCLUSIONES: Se observó un alto índice de satisfacción relacionado tanto con los factores objetivos como con los subjetivos. Sin embargo, los aspectos negativos de calidad objetiva, tales como la fiabilidad, deben ser atendidos por la organización sin que ello implique una inversión económica para su resolución.


Assuntos
Satisfação Pessoal , Previdência Social , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , México , Pais , Alta do Paciente , Satisfação do Paciente , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
2.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 58(3): 250-257, 2020 05 18.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34002983

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There are no studies evaluating family dynamics in pediatric population with tuberculosis. Neither treatment adherence has been measured, even though patient non-adherence is a public health problem, especially in chronic infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE: To assess family dynamics and treatment adherence in pediatric patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis from an Infectious Diseases Service in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from May to July 2015, with 17 patients aged eight to fifteen years -old with tuberculosis. Three instruments in Spanish were applied: family dynamics was measured with the Family APGAR questionnaire, adapted for children aged eight years-old and above; treatment adherence was measured with the Haynes-Sackett and the Morisky-Green-Levine tests. RESULTS: In 76.4% of cases, extrapulmonary tuberculosis was higher than pulmonary tuberculosis (23.5%); the most common clinical form was ganglion tuberculosis. Family functionality (94.1%) dominated over moderate dysfunction (5.8%) and severe dysfunction (0%). High adherence to antituberculosis treatment was 58.8% more prominent than the moderate one (29.4%) and the low one (11.7%). The rate of patient abandonment was only 5.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest incorporating the evaluation of family dynamics within the medical controls of the antituberculosis treatment, both in the first level of care and in the hospital. This provision may help to promote high treatment adherence.


INTRODUCCIÓN: No existen estudios que evalúen la dinámica familiar en población pediátrica con tuberculosis. Tampoco se ha medido la adherencia al tratamiento, a pesar de que la no adherencia es un problema de salud pública especialmente en enfermedades crónicas infecciosas. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la dinámica familiar y la adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos con tuberculosis pulmonar y extrapulmonar de un servicio de infectología en México. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal descriptivo en el que participaron, de mayo a julio de 2015, 17 pacientes de 8 a 15 años con tuberculosis. Se aplicaron tres instrumentos en español: la dinámica familiar se midió con el cuestionario APGAR familiar adaptado para niños de 8 años en adelante y la adherencia al tratamiento con la prueba de Haynes-Sackett y la prueba de Morisky-Green-Levine. RESULTADOS: La tuberculosis extrapulmonar superó con el 76.4% de los casos a la tuberculosis pulmonar (23.5%); la forma clínica de tuberculosis más frecuente fue la ganglionar. La funcionalidad familiar (94.1%) predominó sobre la disfunción moderada (5.8%) y la disfunción grave (0%). La alta adherencia al tratamiento antituberculoso rebasó con el 58.8% a la moderada (29.4%) y a la baja (11.7%). La tasa de abandono del tratamiento apenas fue del 5.8%. CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos sugieren que se debe evaluar la dinámica familiar dentro de los controles médicos del tratamiento antifímico, tanto en el primer nivel de atención como en el hospital. Esta disposición ayudaría a promover una adherencia alta al tratamiento.


Assuntos
Relações Familiares , Tuberculose , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Adesão à Medicação , México , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose/epidemiologia
3.
Gac Med Mex ; 153(3): 313-320, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28763069

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors associated with the development of early neurological complications in purulent meningitis in a pediatric population. METHODS: This was a case-control study including 78 children aged one month to 16 years with purulent meningitis divided into two groups: cases, with early neurological complications (defined as those presenting < 72 hours from initiation of clinical manifestation), and controls, without early neurological complications. Clinical, serum laboratory, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). RESULTS: Seventy-eight patients were included: cases, n = 33, and controls, n = 45. Masculine gender, 19 (57%) vs. feminine gender, 28 (62%) (p = 0.679). Median age in months, 36 months (range, 1-180) vs. 12 months (range, 1-168) (p = 0.377). Factors associated with neurological complications: convulsive crises on admission, p = 0.038, OR, 2.65 (range, 1.04-6.74); meningeal signs, p = 0.032, OR, 2.73 (range, 1.07-6.96); alteration of the alert state, p = 0.003, OR, 13.0 (range, 1.64-105.3); orotracheal intubation, p = 0.000, OR, 14.47 (range, 4.76-44.01); neurological deterioration, p = 0.000, OR, 9.60 (range, 3.02-30.46); turbid CSF, p = 0.003, OR, 4.20 (range, 1.57-11.20); hypoglycorrhachia, < 30 mg/dl, p = 0.001, OR, 9.2 (range, 3.24-26.06); and positive CSF culture, p = 0.001, OR, 16.5 (range, 1.97-138.1). CONCLUSIONS: The factors associated with early neurological complications included convulsive crises on admission, meningeal signs, alteration of the alert state, need for orotracheal intubation, turbid CSF, hypoglycorrhachia, and positive CSF culture.


Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/etiologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/estatística & dados numéricos , Meningites Bacterianas/complicações , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiopatologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
4.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 55 Suppl 1: S64-S70, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28212477

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The importance of hyponatremia is underestimated despite it is a frequent alteration in a hospital environment. Usually no cause is investigated and it is treated as an isolated data. The aim was to determine the prevalence and etiology of hyponatremia in pediatric patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 72 patients from 1-month to 15-years of age admitted to the emergency room, from May to September, 2015, with lower serum determination of Na < 135 mEq/L at admission. For statistical analysis, frequencies and percentages, as well as medians and ranges were used. RESULTS: 72 patients (3%) out of 2400 admissions to the emergency room were detected. 42 were male (58%), 28 infant (30.5%), and 46 eutrophic (68.5%). The diagnosis at admission was sepsis in 13 (18%), mild hyponatremia in 41 (56.9%), real hyponatremia in 71 (98.6%) and dilutional in 1 (1.4%). The median serum sodium was 130 mEq/L (range 112-134), and the median serum osmolality 266 mOsm/L (range 236-288). The most usual management was the increase of sodium in solutions in 21 cases (29%), and the use of diuretics (n = 21, 29%). The median of sodium input per m2 (BSA) per day was 45 mEq (range 0-158). CONCLUSIONS: Mild and real hyponatremia were the most frequent diagnoses. The infection at admission was the more common etiology. The increase in sodium input in solution was the most common management. The use of intravenous solutions 2:1 (isotonic) did not produce hypernatremia and avoided administration of hypotonic solutions.


Introducción: la importancia de la hiponatremia es subestimada a pesar de ser una alteración frecuente en el medio hospitalario. Habitualmente no se investiga su causa y se trata como dato aislado. Se buscó determinar la prevalencia de hiponatremia y su etiología en pacientes en urgencias pediátricas. Métodos: estudio transversal en 72 pacientes de un mes a 15 años ingresados de mayo a septiembre de 2015 en urgencias con determinación sérica de Na < 135 mEq/L a su ingreso. Para la estadística se emplearon frecuencias y porcentajes, medianas y rangos. Resultados: se detectaron 72 pacientes de 2400 ingresos a urgencias (3%). Fueron varones 42 (58%), 28 lactantes (30.5%) y 46 eutróficos (68.5%). El diagnóstico de ingreso fue de sepsis en 13 (18%), hiponatremia leve en 41 (56.9%), real (hipoosomolar) en 71 (98.6%) y dilucional en 1 (1.4%). La mediana del sodio sérico fue de 130 mEq/L (rango 112-134) y la de la osmolaridad sérica de 266 mOsm/L (rango 236-288). El manejo más frecuente fue el incremento del aporte de sodio en soluciones en 21 casos (29.1%) y el uso de diuréticos en 21 (29%). La mediana del aporte de sodio por m2 SCT al día fue de 45 mEq (rango 0-158). Conclusiones: la hiponatremia leve y la hipoosomolar fueron las más frecuentes. El diagnóstico de origen infeccioso fue la causa más común. El incremento en el aporte de sodio en soluciones fue el manejo más habitual. El uso de soluciones intravenosas 2:1 (isotónicas) no produjo hipernatremia y evitó la administración de soluciones hipotónicas.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Hiponatremia/etiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Hiponatremia/diagnóstico , Hiponatremia/epidemiologia , Hiponatremia/terapia , Lactente , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
5.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 37(3): 117-123, 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-167937

RESUMO

Introducción: El síndrome metabólico (SM) consiste en conjunto de alteraciones metabólicas y cardiovasculares relacionadas con resistencia insulínica y la grasa visceral. Los índices antropométricos de adiposidad visceral son herramientas útiles que pudieran detectar complicaciones metabólicas en niños obesos. Objetivos: Determinar correlación entre índices de adiposidad visceral y componentes del SM en pacientes pediátricos obesos. Métodos: Estudio transversal, pacientes de 6-16 años. Inclusión: IMC ≥ 85p, exclusión: obesidad endógena, genopatías, uso de esteroides, silla de ruedas y yesos. Variables: CC (circunferencia de cintura), ICE (índice cintura-estatura), ICC (índice de cintura-cadera), TAS, TAD (tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica), triglicéridos, colesterol total, HDL (lipoproteína alta densidad), LDL (lipoproteína de baja densidad), VLDL (lipoproteína de muy baja densidad), ácido úrico sérico, insulina, índice de HOMA. Estándares internacionales para variables. Estadística: Frecuencias, porcentajes, medias/medianas, DS/rango, correlación Pearson. Resultados: 83 pacientes, mediana 11 años. 49 (51%) masculinos. Media IMC 31.4 (DS 6.3). Diagnóstico de obesidad visceral por ICE= 96.3%; por CC =80.7% y por ICC= 57.8%. Correlaciones: CC con TAS= r 0.35, p 0.001; TAD =r 0.29, p= 0.008; ácido úrico r =0.25, p 0.02 y con LDL-C = r 0.23, p 0.029. ICE con LDL r = 0.29, p 0.009. ICC con HDL r 0.34, p 0.002. Conclusiones: El ICE fue el que más detectó adiposidad visceral y el ICC fue el que menos diagnosticó. Las correlaciones significativas fueron: ICE con LDL; ICC con HDL y CC con TAS, TAD, LDL y ácido úrico sérico. La CC correlacionó con más componentes del SM (AU)


Metabolic syndrome (MS) consisting of set of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders related to insulin resistance and visceral fat. Anthropometric visceral adiposity indices are useful tools that could detect metabolic complications in obese children. Objective to determine correlation between visceral adiposity indices and components of MS in obese pediatric patients. Transversal, patients 6-16 years. Inclusion: BMI ≥ 85p, exclusion endogenous obesity, genopathies, steroid use, wheelchair and plasters. Variables: WC (waist circumference), WHtI (waist-height index), WHR (waist-hip ratio), SBP, DBP (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL (high lipoprotein density), LDL (low density lipoprotein) VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein), serum uric acid, insulin, HOMA index. international standards for variables. Statistics: frequencies, percentages, means / medium, DS / range, Pearson correlation. Results: 83 patients, median 11 years. 49 (51%) male. Average BMI 31.4 (SD 6.3). Diagnosis of visceral obesity = 96.3% by WHI; WC = 80.7% and 57.8% WHR. Correlations WC with SBP, r = 0.35, p 0.001; DBP, r = 0.29, p = 0.008; Uric acid r = 0.25, p 0.02 and LDL-C r= 0.23, p 0.029. WHI with LDL, r = 0.29, p 0.009. WHR with HDL, r 0.34, p 0.002. The WHtI was the most detected visceral adiposity and the WHR was the least diagnosed. We concluded the WC correlated with more components of MS. Significant correlations: WHtI with LDL; WHR with HDL and WC with SBP, DBP, LDL and serum uric acid (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Sobrepeso/complicações , Adiposidade/fisiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Antropometria/métodos , Obesidade/complicações , Relação Cintura-Quadril/métodos , Sobrepeso/dietoterapia , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Composição Corporal/fisiologia
6.
Arch Med Res ; 47(1): 40-8, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26820798

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are complications caused by abdominal obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Diagnosis of MetS by clinical indicators could help to identify patients at risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. We undertook this study to propose predictive indicators of MetS in obese children and adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out. After obtaining informed consent and the registration of the study with an institutional research committee, 172 obese patients from an Obesity Clinic, aged 6-15 years, were included. Variables included were waist circumference (WC), glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TGL), blood pressure, insulin resistance (by homeostatic model assessment HOMA-index), acanthosis nigricans (AN), uric acid, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and alanine transaminase, and hepatic sonogram. International standards for age and sex variables were used. Multivariate analysis was applied. RESULTS: Variables predicted components of MetS in children: HOMA-IR (insulin resistance by HOMA index) was increased by 2.4 in hepatic steatosis, by 0.6 for each unit of SUA (serum uric acid), and by 0.009 for every mg/dL of triglycerides. In adolescents, every cm of waist circumference increased systolic blood pressure by 0.6 mmHg, and each unit of SUA increased it by 2.9 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Serum uric acid and waist circumference are useful and accessible variables that can predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in obese pediatric patients.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Circunferência da Cintura , Adolescente , Glicemia/análise , Glicemia/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Fígado Gorduroso , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangue , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Obesidade Abdominal/sangue , Obesidade Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Triglicerídeos/sangue
7.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 35(2): 57-66, 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-139272

RESUMO

Introducción: Los componentes del Síndrome Metabólico (SM) en niños son complicaciones que sin intervención oportuna tendrán repercusiones dramáticas, antes de llegar a la adultez. Objetivos: Identificar y comparar componentes clá- sicos y no tradicionales del síndrome metabólico en ni- ños y adolescentes con exceso ponderal. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal en pacientes 6-15 años con exceso ponderal. Variables: Circunferencia de cintura (cm), glucosa(mg/dl), lipoproteína de alta densidad (mg/dl), triglicéridos(mg/dl), presión arterial (mm/Hg), insulina(µU/ml), índice de resistencia insulínica (HOMA), acantosis nigricans (AN), ácido úrico (mg/dl) e hígado graso no alcohólico. Protocolo: estándares internacionales para edad y gé- nero de variables y ultrasonido hepático, diagnóstico de SM por Federación Internacional de Diabetes (FID) y Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes (ALAD). Estadística. Frecuencias, porcentajes y X2. Resultados: N= 172. 55.2% sexo femenino, 69.8% adolescentes (11-15 años), 30.2% niños en etapa escolar (6-10 años). Promedio de edad: 11.7 ± 2.3. Componentes de SM: Obesidad visceral 94%; pre-hipertensión 18%; hipertensión arterial 25.6%; hipertrigliceridemia 72.6%; HDL bajo 59.3%; Hiperglucemia 6.4%; Hiperuricemia 52.9%; Hiperinsulinemia 76.7%; Resistencia Insulínica (HOMA) 80.8%; Diabetes Mellitus 2.3%; AN 88.4% e Hígado graso no alcohólico 14%.Diagnóstico de SM: 48.8%. La hipertensión arterial, hiperinsulinemia, RI, hiperuricemia y AN fueron más frecuentes en adolescentes. Un componente fue mayor en niños (p 0.017) y 4 componentes en adolescentes (p 0.002). Conclusiones: Los componentes más frecuentes del SM en pediatría son factores de riesgo cardiovascular, la hiperuricemia es componente novel que debiera investigarse por ser predictor de daño endotelial. Los niños presentaron menos componentes, aumentando en cantidad y severidad en adolescentes (AU)


Introduction: The components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in children are complications that without opportune intervention will cause dramatic repercussions before reaching adulthood. Aim: To Identify and compare the traditional and nontraditional components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using data from 172 obese patients (6-15 years old). The variables analyzed were: Waist circumference (cm), glucose (mg / dl), high density lipoprotein (mg / dl), triglycerides (mg / dl), blood pressure (mm / Hg), insulin (microU / ml), index insulin resistance (HOMA), acanthosis nigricans (AN), uric acid (mg / dl) and NAFLD. Protocols: International standards for age and gender applied to the variables and liver ultrasound, diagnosis of MS by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Latin American Diabetes Association (ALAD). The statistics performed were frequencies, percentages and X2. Results: N = 172. 55.2% female, 69.8% adolescents (11-15 years), 30.2% children (6-10 years). Average age: 11.7 ± 2.3. Components of MS: visceral obesity 94%; pre-hypertension 18%; hypertension 25.6%; hypertriglyceridemia 72.6%; Low HDL 59.3%; Hyperglycemia 6.4%; Hyperuricemia 52.9%; Hyperinsuli nemia 76.7%; Insulin Resistance (HOMA) 80.8%; Diabetes Mellitus 2.3%; AN 88.4% and Nonalcoholic fatty liver 14%. Diagnosis of MS: 48.8%. Hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, RI, hyperuricemia and AN were more common in adolescents. One component was higher in children (p 0.017) and 4 components in adolescents (p 0.002). Conclusions: The most frequent pediatric components of MS are cardiovascular risk factors, the hyperuricemia is a novel component that should be investigated for being predictor of endothelial damage. The children had fewer components, increasing in quantity and severity in adolescents (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/dietoterapia , Circunferência Abdominal , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Cardiovasculares/dietoterapia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Estudos Transversais/tendências , Protocolos Clínicos , Hiperuricemia/complicações , Hiperuricemia/dietoterapia , Hiperuricemia/prevenção & controle
9.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52 Suppl 1: S8-11, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24866302

RESUMO

There is some concern because the generations born in the last decades of the 20th century could have lower longevity than the previous ones as a result of the diseases caused by obesity. Mexico has the highest index of prevalence of childhood obesity, and it has increased very fast. It is fundamental to generate healthcare models focused on obese patients, and oriented to the prevention of complications. Implementing preventive actions since childhood must be the priority. Health education in childhood obesity will be the only realistic way to solve the problem.


Existe preocupación porque las generaciones nacidas en las últimas décadas del siglo XX pudieran tener una menor longevidad que las anteriores, debido a enfermedades ocasionadas por la obesidad. México tiene los más altos índices de prevalencia de obesidad infantil, los cuales se han incrementado rápidamente. Es primordial generar modelos de atención enfocados a pacientes obesos y orientados a la prevención de complicaciones. La implementación de acciones preventivas desde la infancia debe ser prioridad. La educación para la salud en obesidad infantil será la única manera realista de detener el problema.


Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil/economia , Criança , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Humanos
10.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52 Suppl 1: S48-56, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24866308

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The alterations caused by metabolic syndrome (MS) arise progressively throughout the years, but they can start at a pediatric age. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the biochemical and clinical characteristics of obese children with or without MS. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study, in which we analyzed, according to the 2010 classification of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 103 obese children between 10 and 15 years from an endocrinology service. The variables were weight, size, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, insulin, and HOMA. Means were compared statistically with Student's t test, and Mann-Whitney U. RESULTS: Of 103 patients, 55 showed criteria for MS (53.3 %) and 48 incomplete criteria for MS (46.6 %). In the group without MS, 60.4 and 64.5 % showed insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, respectively. In all the group, 28.1 % showed arterial hypertension, and 23.3 % prehypertension. With regards to the means of other parameters that does not belong to the MS, we obtained weight (p = 0.008), BMI (p = 0.009), insulin (p = 0.027) and HOMA (p = 0.023). More than 60 % showed pre-diabetes and almost 50 % blood pressure alterations. CONCLUSION: It is urgent to perform a screening in obese children, as well as an awareness campaign in mass media, in order to spread the gravity of the problem and trigger the search of medical help, and of health professionals to establish their diagnosis.


INTRODUCCIÓN: las alteraciones producidas por el síndrome metabólico (SM) surgen progresivamente a lo largo de los años, pero su inicio puede ocurrir en una etapa pediátrica. El objetivo fue evaluar las características clínico-bioquímicas de niños obesos con y sin síndrome metabólico (SM). MÉTODOS: estudio transversal-descriptivo en el que se analizaron (clasificación del Centro de Control y Prevención de Enfermedades del 2010) 103 niños de 10 a 15 años con sobrepeso y obesidad de un servicio de endocrinología. Las variables fueron peso, talla, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de cintura, glucosa, colesterol HDL, triglicéridos, presión arterial, insulina y HOMA. Se compararon las medias con t de Student y U de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: de los 103 pacientes, 55 presentaron criterios para SM (53.3 %) y 48 criterios incompletos para SM (46.6 %). En el grupo sin SM, presentaron resistencia a la insulina e hiperinsulinemia 60.4 y 64.5 %, respectivamente. En todo el grupo hubo un 28.1 % con hipertensión arterial y un 23.3 % con prehipertensión. En cuanto a la comparación de medias de otros parámetros que no forman parte del SM obtuvimos: peso (p = 0.008), IMC (p = 0.009), insulina (p = 0.027) y HOMA (p = 0.023). Más del 60 % presentó resistencia insulínica y casi 50 % alteraciones de la presión arterial. CONCLUSIÓN: urge tamizaje en niños obesos y una campaña informativa en medios de comunicación para motivar la búsqueda de ayuda médica y de profesionales de la salud que establezcan su diagnóstico.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Obesidade Infantil/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais Pediátricos , Humanos , Masculino
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